The working principle of fully automatic water softening equipment

　　1.Reaction process

　　The fully automatic water softening equipment is a water treatment device that uses the principle of ion exchange to adsorb calcium and magnesium ions in water with the sodium ion exchange resin in the water softening equipment and release sodium ions, thereby softening the water quality. The reaction equation for water softening is: (where)RRepresenting the resin body

　　2RNa+Ca2+=-R2Ca+2Na+

　　The resin saturated with calcium and magnesium ions can be reconverted into the sodium form and regain its exchange capacity after being treated with a salt solution. The reaction equation for this regeneration process is:

　　R2Ca+2NaCl=2RNa+CaCl2

　　The repeated forward and reverse ion exchanges mentioned above can continuously produce softened water.

2.Work process

　　The regeneration of fully automatic soft water equipment can be initiated based on time or flow rate. The working process of the soft water equipment is generally composed of the following several steps in a cycle:

　　A."Running (working

　　Raw water, under certain pressure and flow rates, passes through the controller and enters the container (resin tank) filled with ion exchange resin. The resin containsNa+With cations in waterCa2+,Mg2+,Fe2+... (etc.) Exchange to make the container release waterCa2+,Mg2+The ion content meets the set requirements, achieving the softening of hard water.

　　B.Backwash

　　After the resin fails, before regeneration, it should be backwashed with water from bottom to top first. The purpose of backwashing is twofold. Firstly, through backwashing, the compacted resin layer during operation is loosened, which is conducive to the full contact between the resin particles and the regenerant. One is to ensure that the suspended solids and broken resin accumulated on the surface of the resin are discharged along with the backwash water, thereby preventing the water flow resistance of the exchanger from increasing continuously.

　　C.Regenerating salt absorption

　　Regeneration brine flows through the exhausted resin layer at a certain concentration and flow rate to restore its original exchange capacity.

　　D.Replacement (slow cleaning

　　After the regenerant has been completely fed in, there is still salt solution in the exchanger that has not participated in the regeneration exchange. It is cleaned with clean water at a flow rate less than or equal to that of the regenerant (slow cleaning) to fully utilize the regeneration effect of the salt solution and reduce the load of the forward wash.

　　E.Forward wash (quick wash

　　The purpose is to clean the residual regeneration waste liquid in the resin layer, usually until the effluent is qualified after cleaning at a normal flow rate.

　　F.Fill the salt tank with water

　　Inject water into the salt tank equal to the amount of salt required for one regeneration. To ensure that the salt solution concentration in the salt tank can reach saturation, first ensure that the solution time is not less than6Secondly, it is necessary to ensure that the salt level in the salt tank always remains at a certain level to guarantee the saturated concentrated salt solution required for the regeneration of the resin in the next soft water equipment when it becomes saturated.