Working principle

　　Since the hardness of water is mainly formed and represented by calcium and magnesium, cation exchange resins are generally used(Water softener)Take the waterCa2+,Mg2+The main components that form scale are displaced and carried out within the resinCa2+,Mg2+The increase, resin removalCa2+,Mg2+Its efficiency gradually decreases.

　　When the resin has absorbed a certain amount of calcium and magnesium ions, it undergoes regeneration. The regeneration process involves flushing the resin layer with brine from the salt tank to displace the hardness ions on the resin and discharge them out of the tank with the regeneration waste liquid. Thus, the resin regains its softening exchange function.

　　The hardness of water is mainly formed and represented by calcium and magnesium. The principle of sodium ion exchange softening treatment is to pass the raw water through sodium-type cation exchange resin to reduce the hardness components in the waterCa2+,Mg2+In the resinNa+Exchange with each other, thereby adsorbing substances in waterCa2+,Mg2+Soften the water.

　　Workflow

　　Work(Sometimes it is called water production, the same below)Backwashing, salt absorption(Regeneration)Slow rinse(Replacement)Five processes of quick rinse. All the processes of different water softening equipment are very similar. However, due to the differences in actual processes or control requirements, there may be some additional procedures. Any water softening equipment based on sodium ion exchange is developed on the basis of these five processes(Among them, the fully automatic water softening equipment will add a brine recharging process).

　　BackwashingAfter working for a period of time, the equipment will intercept a lot of impurities brought by the raw water on the upper part of the resin. Only after removing these impurities can the ion exchange resin be exposed and the regeneration effect be guaranteed. The backwashing process involves water being washed in from the bottom of the resin and flowing out from the top, which can wash away the dirt trapped at the top. This process usually requires5-15About a minute.

　　Salt absorption(Regeneration):The process of injecting brine into the resin tank is that traditional equipment uses a salt pump to inject the brine, while fully automatic equipment uses a dedicated built-in injector to draw in the brine(As long as there is a certain pressure in the incoming water, it will be fine). In the actual working process, the regeneration effect of salt water flowing slowly through the resin is better than that of simply soaking the resin in salt water. Therefore, water softening equipment all adopt the method of salt water flowing slowly through the resin for regeneration. This process generally requires30It takes about minutes, but the actual time is affected by the amount of salt used.

　　Slow rinse(Replacement):After the salt water flows through the resin, the process of slowly rinsing all the salt in the resin with the original water at the same flow rate is called slow rinsing. Since a large number of calcium and magnesium ions on the functional groups are still exchanged with sodium ions during this rinsing process, based on practical experience, this process is the main process of regeneration, so many people call this process displacement. This process usually takes the same amount of time as salt absorption, that is30About a minute.

　　Quick rinseTo thoroughly rinse off the remaining salt, the resin should be flushed with raw water at a flow rate close to the actual working condition. The effluent from this process should be qualified soft water. Under normal circumstances, the quick rinse process is5-15Minutes.

　　"Application

　　Different applications require different soft water treatment equipment

　　1The application scope of water softening equipment:

　　① Heating.

　　② Cooling and water replenishment.

　　③ Process water.

　　④ Steam boiler.

　　⑤ Steel smelting.

　　⑥ Chemical and pharmaceutical industries.

　　2The system water usage time required by the industry

　　The system water usage time refers to: water consumption per hour, average value, and peak value. The equipment can be selected according to the water supply time. If continuous water supply is not required, single-valve and single-tank equipment can be selected;If continuous water supply is required, a dual-bed centralized control or dual-control dual-bed series water softening treatment device should be selected.

　　3The hardness of water sources

　　For the same model of water softener, if the water quality is harder, the water production cycle will inevitably be relatively shorter, and the water output will be lower. This leads to frequent regeneration of the water softening equipment and thus reduces the service life of the resin. In this case, it is necessary to choose a larger model of water softener and increase the volume of resin.

　　Ii. Selection of Water Softening Equipment

　　① Controllers: They are divided into automatic control and manual control. The choice of brand can be either imported or domestic.

　　② Resin tank: The tank body materials of the water softening device are divided into fiberglass reinforced plastic, carbon steel and stainless steel.

　　③ Equipment control form: One type is that when the prepared water volume reaches the set value, it automatically restores, which is called the flow type;It is applicable to all water supply system softening water treatment equipment. One type is a way of controlling regeneration metering based on time, which is called the time type;It is suitable for water supply systems with stable water volume, and the short restoration and regeneration cycle is24Hours.

　　④Equipment combination

　　Single control single bed: Water supply is stopped during the reduction period2For hours or continue to supply raw water(Hard water bypass).

　　Single-controlled dual-bed: Alternating water supply, one in use and one as backup.

　　Dual-control dual-bed: Alternating water supply, one in use and one as backup.

　　Dual-control dual-bed: Simultaneous water supply and alternating regeneration.

　　Multiple control beds: Three or more softened water resin tanks can be used in parallel, which is suitable for large-scale water supply systems.

　　It can be widely applied to the softening of make-up water in systems such as steam boilers, hot water boilers, exchangers, evaporative condensers, air conditioners, and direct-fired machines. It can also be used for the treatment of domestic water in hotels, restaurants, office buildings, apartments, homes, etc., as well as for softening water treatment in industries such as beverages, brewing, laundry, printing and dyeing, chemical engineering, and medicine.