Softening water equipment (softeners) mainly reduces the hardness of water by softening resins. These softening resins are also called ion exchange resins and are high-molecular compounds. Therefore, their performance varies due to differences in manufacturing processes, source formulas, polymerization temperatures, and crosslinking agents. Winter is approaching. How does temperature affect ion exchange resins? The following main performance is introduced in two parts.

(1"Physical properties"

aAppearance 

Resin is a transparent or semi-transparent substance. Due to its different compositions, it comes in various colors. For instance, styrene resin is yellow, but it can also be black or brown. However, this has little impact on its performance. Under normal circumstances, if there are more impurities in the raw materials or more crosslinking agents, the color of the resin will be slightly darker. Particle size can be represented by the effective particle size and the coefficient of non-uniformity.

b"Particle size

The size of resin particles will affect the exchange rate, pressure loss, backwashing effect, etc. The particle sizes should not vary too much. The particles of ion exchange resins used for water treatment are mostly in0.32~1.25Within the range. Particle size can be represented by the effective particle size and the coefficient of non-uniformity.

cDensity

It is related to the water treatment process and the amount of resin filled. The representation methods of density include: dry true density, wet true density, and wet apparent density.

dMoisture content

The greater the moisture content of the resin, the larger the voids and the smaller the degree of crosslinking. The oxidation of resin or contamination by organic matter will cause changes in its moisture content.

eSwelling property

After being immersed in water, resin will swell, which is related to the degree of crosslinking, active groups, exchange capacity, density of electrolytes in water, and the nature of exchangeable ions, etc. During the exchange and regeneration process, resin will expand and contract. Repeated expansion and contraction of the resin is prone to cracking.

fWear resistance

Reflect the mechanical strength of the resin. It should ensure that the annual resin consumption does not exceed7%It can be expressed by the post-grinding sphericity rate or the infiltration grinding sphericity rate.

gSolubility

The low polymers contained in the resin need to dissolve gradually, and sol will also occur during the use of the resin.

hHeat resistance

Cationic resin is heat-resistant100~110℃Strongly alkaline anion resins can withstand high temperatures60℃Weakly alkaline anion resins can withstand high temperatures90℃. But the resin is lower than or equal to0℃At that time, it is prone to freezing and breaking.

iConductivity

Dry resin does not conduct electricity, while wet resin can.

(2"Chemical properties"

aThe exchange reaction of ion exchange resins is reversible, so they can not only be exchanged but also regenerated and reused repeatedly.

bIt is acidic or alkaline.HType cation exchange resin andOHThe performance of type anion exchange resins and others is the same as that of electrolyte acids and bases, and they can ionize into waterH+andOH-.

cIt has water-soluble and hydrolytic properties. Because it has the property of an electrolyte, it can undergo neutralization reactions with acids and bases and also undergo hydrolysis.

dIon exchange resins have different abilities to adsorb various ions and are selective.

eExchange capacity, which indicates the amount of ions exchanged, can be classified into equilibrium exchange capacity, total exchange capacity, working exchange capacity, etc.